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How Vacuum Cleaners Work

Even though it may appear to be a very complicatedmachine, the conventional vacuum cleaner is actuallymade up of six essential components: intake port,exhaust port, electric motor, fan, porous bag, and a housing that stores all of the other components.

When you plug the vacuum cleaner into the outlet andturn it on, the following happens: 1. First of all, the electric current willoperate the motor, which is attached to the fan, which resembles an airplane propeller. 2. As the blades begin to turn, they will force the air upwards, towards the exhaust port. 3. When the air particles are driven forwards,the density of the particles will increase in frontof the fan and therefore decrease behind it.

The pressure drop that occurs behind the fan is similar to the pressure drop when you take a drinkthrough a straw. The pressure level in the areathat is behind the fan will drop below the pressurelevel that is outside of the vacuum cleaner.

This will create a suction inside of the vacuumcleaner. The ambient air will push itself into thevacuum cleaner through the intake port because theair pressure that is inside of the vacuum cleaneris much lower than the pressure on the outside.

Picking the dirt upThe stream of air that the vacuum generates is justlike a stream of water. The air particles that movewill rub against any loose dust or debris and ifit is light enough, the friction will carry thematerial around the inside of the vacuum cleaner.

As the dirt continues on to the exhaust port, itwill pass through the cleaner bag. They tiny holesin the vacuum cleaner bag are large enough to letthe air pass through, although too small for thedust particles to fit through. Therefore, whenthe air current gets into the bag, the dirt anddebris will be collected there.

You can stick the bag anywhere along the path between the intake tube and the exhaust port, justas long as the air current passes through.

SuctionThe power of a vacuum cleaner's suction will dependon several factors. The suction can be strongeror weaker depending on: 1. Fan power - In order to generate astrong suction, the motor needs to turn at a goodspeed. 2. Air passageway - When a lot of debrisbuilds up in the bag, the air will face a greaterlevel of resistance on the way out. Each particleof air will move slowly due to the increase in drag. This is the reason why a vacuum cleanerworks much better once you've replaced the bag than when you have been using it for a while. 3. Size of the intake port - With thespeed of the vacuum fan being constant, the amountof air that passes through the vacuum cleaner persecond is also constant.

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